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Innovative Solutions For High-Performance Ceramic Components
Surface Treatment
I. Core Functions of the Nozzle
1. Accelerate Abrasives: Convert compressed air kinetic energy into abrasive jet kinetic energy (speed can reach 200-400m/s).
2. Control Jet Shape: Focus the abrasive flow to form a uniform jet beam (diameter usually 5-20mm).
3. Determine Impact Intensity: Affect surface cleaning/roughening effect (e.g., Sa2.5 cleanliness requires specific kinetic energy).
| Type | Structural Features | Advantages | Typical Applications |
| Straight Tube Type | Cylindrical inner hole, no convergence or divergence | Simple structure, low cost | Large-area rough processing (steel plate derusting) |
| Venturi Type | Three-stage (convergence - throat - divergence) | Energy consumption reduced by 30%, uniform abrasive distribution | High-precision processing (automotive pre-coating treatment) |
| Double Venturi Type | Double throat design | Further energy saving, reduced abrasive splashing | Workshops with high environmental requirements |
| Fan-shaped Nozzle | Flat oval outlet | Large coverage width (50 - 300mm) | Surface roughening treatment (ship decks) |
| Angle Nozzle | Outlet is bent at an angle of 15°/45° etc. | Can process blind areas | Inner walls of pipes, complex structural parts |
III. Nozzle Material and Lifespan Comparison
Key Conclusions:
Boron Carbide: High-end choice, lifespan is 2-3 times that of tungsten carbide, suitable for continuous production lines.
Tungsten Carbide: Optimal price-performance ratio, balances wear resistance and impact resistance.
Avoid Mismatches: If using steel grit with an alumina nozzle, the lifespan may be less than 10 hours!
| Different Materials Directly Affect Wear Resistance And Cost (Abrasive Hardness Determines The Matching Relationship) | |||
| Material | Rockwell Hardness (HRC) | Relative Lifespan (h) | Applicable Abrasives |
| Boron Carbide (B₄C) | 9.5 (Mohs) | 800 - 1000 | Steel grit / Brown corundum |
| Tungsten Carbide (WC) | 92 HRA | 300 - 500 | Quartz sand |
| Silicon nitride ceramic | 85 HRA | 200 - 300 | Plastic abrasives / Walnut shells |
| Alumina ceramic | 80 HRA | 100 - 150 | Garnet |
Surface Treatment
Characteristics and Applications of Sandblasting Technology
Sandblasting is a common surface treatment technology that uses high-speed abrasive jet impact on the workpiece surface to achieve cleaning, strengthening, or decorative purposes. Its characteristics are as follows:
1. Surface Cleaning and Pretreatment
• High-efficiency cleaning: Can remove surface scale, oil stains, rust, old coatings, etc., especially suitable for cleaning complex structures such as weld seams and castings.
• Roughen the surface: Increase the surface roughness of the substrate to improve the adhesion of subsequent coatings (such as spraying, electroplating).
2. Uniformity and Adaptability
• Uniform processing: By controlling parameters (such as pressure, abrasive type), large-area uniform processing can be achieved, avoiding local omissions in manual polishing.
• Strong shape adaptability: Suitable for complex geometric shapes or precision electronic components.
3. Flexible Materials and Processes
• A variety of Sandblasting Media Options:
• Metal Media (Steel Grit, Aluminum Balls): Used for surface strengthening treatment of metals.
• Non-metal Media (Quartz Sand, Copper Ore Sand, Glass Beads, Alumina, Silicon Carbide): Used for surface cleaning of structural parts or non-metal surface treatment (such as plastics, glass, etc.).
• Environmentally Friendly Media: Natural abrasives (such as walnut shells) or recyclable media (such as ceramic beads, plastic beads) can be used.
4. Surface Strengthening And Fatigue Life Improvement
• Stress Strengthening: Sandblasting can form a compressive stress layer on the material surface, significantly improving the fatigue resistance and corrosion resistance of metal workpieces (such as aircraft engine blades, automotive springs, etc.).
5. Controllable Roughness And Texture
• Precise Control: By adjusting the abrasive particle size, jet angle, and pressure, different effects from matte to fine texture can be obtained, often used for decorative treatment (such as stainless steel wire drawing, glass frosting).
6. Economic Efficiency
High degree of automation: Suitable for mass production, reducing labor costs.
Low maintenance cost: Simple equipment, recyclable abrasives (such as suction-type sandblasting machines).
7. Limitations
Dust Pollution: Dust removal equipment is required; otherwise, it will endanger workers' health (silicosis risk).
Risk of Substrate Damage: Excessive sandblasting may cause deformation of thin-walled parts or damage to the surface of soft materials (such as aluminum and copper).
High noise level during operation; sound insulation measures are required.
Typical Application Scenarios
Industrial Fields: Ship rust removal, automotive parts strengthening, mold cleaning.
Decoration Fields: Glass/metal etching, antique wood finishing.
Precision Manufacturing: Semiconductor component cleaning, medical device surface treatment.
Environmental Protection and Safety Measures
Wet Blasting: Using water mist to suppress dust, suitable for sensitive environments.
Closed Operation: Equipped with a ventilation system, complying with OSHA or ISO standards.
The versatility and controllability of sandblasting technology make it an indispensable technology in modern manufacturing, but parameters should be selected comprehensively based on material properties, environmental requirements, and costs.
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Guizhou Muyee Fine Ceramics Co., LTD
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