Pipe Sandblasting EquipmentThe inner wall pipe sandblasting machine is specially designed for sandblasting the inner surface of pipes with diameters ranging from 15mm to 900mm. A specially designed nozzle is mounted on the nozzle seat to sandblast and clean the inside of the pipe.Model: IPB50 Processable Pipe Diameter: Inner diameter 15mm-50mm Sandblasting Capacity: 8m2/h Cleaning Grade: Sa2.5-3.0 Applicable Abrasives: Brown corundum, silicon carbide, steel grit, steel shot. Abrasive Size: Less than 0.5mm Model: IPB100 Processable Pipe Diameter: Inner diameter 40mm-100mm Blasting Capacity: 15m2/h Cleaning Grade: Sa2.5-3.0 Applicable Abrasives: Brown corundum, silicon carbide, steel grit, steel shot Abrasive Size: Greater than 0.5-1.0mm Model: IPB300 Pipes with an inner diameter of 76mm do not have a centering ring. Pipes with an inner diameter of 76mm-127mm are equipped with a centering ring. Pipes with an inner diameter of 127-300mm have a centering support. Blasting Capacity: 15m2/h Cleaning Grade: Sa2.5-3.0 Applicable Abrasives: Brown corundum, silicon carbide, steel grit, steel shot. Abrasive Size: Greater than 0.5-1.4mm Model: IPB900 Processable Pipes: Inner diameter 300mm-900mm, with 2 sets of legs of different lengths. Air Source: 0.6-0.7 MPa Speed: 80RPM Nozzle: 2 B4C nozzles, optional: 6mm, 8mm, 10mm Blasting Capacity: 16-21m2/h Cleaning Grade: Sa2.5-3.0 Applicable Abrasives: Brown corundum, silicon carbide, steel grit, steel shot. Abrasive Size: Greater than 0.5-1.4mm 

Pipeline Sandblasting Equipment  The inner wall nozzle is a special nozzle designed for the sandblasting of inner surfaces of pipes with diameters ranging from 15mm to 900mm. When sandblasting the inner wall of a pipe, the nozzle and rotating mechanism are placed inside the pipe and the machine is started. The sandblasting medium is ejected from a high-pressure tank through a guiding device onto the inner wall surface of the pipe for sandblasting operations. Model: IPB50 Processable Pipe Diameter: Inner diameter 15mm-50 Sandblasting Capacity: 8m2/h Cleaning Grade: Sa2.5-3.0 Applicable Abrasives: Brown corundum, silicon carbide, steel grit, steel shot. Abrasive Size: Less than 0.5mm

The inner wall nozzle is a special nozzle designed for the sandblasting of inner surfaces of pipes with diameters ranging from 15mm to 900mm. When sandblasting the inner wall of a pipe, the nozzle and rotating mechanism are placed inside the pipe and the machine is started. The sandblasting medium is ejected from a high-pressure tank through a guiding device onto the inner wall surface of the pipe for sandblasting operations. Model: IPB100 Processable Oipe Diameter: Inner diameter 40mm-100mm Blasting Capacity: 15m2/h Cleaning Grade: Sa2.5-3.0 Applicable Abrasives: Brown corundum, silicon carbide, steel grit, steel shot Abrasive Size: Greater than 0.5-1.0mm

Pipe inner wall nozzles are specially designed nozzles for sandblasting the inner surface of pipes with diameters ranging from 15mm to 900mm. When sandblasting the inner wall of a pipe, the nozzle and rotating mechanism are placed inside the pipe and the machine is started. The sandblasting medium is ejected from a high-pressure tank through a guiding device onto the inner wall surface of the pipe for sandblasting.

Pipe inner wall nozzles are specially designed nozzles for sandblasting the inner surface of pipes with diameters ranging from 15mm to 900mm. When sandblasting the inner wall of a pipe, the nozzle and rotating mechanism are placed inside the pipe and the machine is started. The sandblasting medium is ejected from a high-pressure tank through a guiding device onto the inner wall surface of the pipe for sandblasting.

Pipe inner wall nozzles are specially designed nozzles for sandblasting the inner surface of pipes with diameters ranging from 15mm to 900mm. When sandblasting the inner wall of a pipe, the nozzle and rotating mechanism are placed inside the pipe and the machine is started. The sandblasting medium is ejected from a high-pressure tank through a guiding device onto the inner wall surface of the pipe for sandblasting.

Boron carbide (B₄C), due to its unique physical and chemical properties, has significant advantages in the field of armor protection. The following are its main advantages:  Physical and Chemical Properties of Boron Carbide Ceramics from Guizhou Muyee Fine Ceramics Serial Number Item Performance Parameters 1 Boron Carbide Content B4C (%) 98.47 2 Total Boron TOTAL B (%) 77.92 3 Total Carbon TOTAL C (%) 20.92 4 Iron Oxide Fe 2 O 3 (%) 0.035 5 Boron Oxide B 2 O 3 0.14 6 Bulk Density g/cm³ 3 2.50-2.52 7 Flexural Strength Mpa 680 8 Compressive Strength Mpa 2980 9 Fracture Toughness K IC Mpa.m 1/2 3.8 10 Young's Modulus Gpa 450 11 Microhardness HV Mpa 3650 12 Sound Velocity m/sec 14300 Boron carbide (B₄C), due to its unique physical and chemical properties, has significant advantages in the field of armor protection. The following are its main advantages:  1. Extremely High Hardness  Mohs hardness reaches 9.6, second only to diamond and cubic boron nitride, effectively resisting penetration from high-speed impact objects such as bullets and shrapnel.  High compressive strength (approximately 2.9 GPa), suitable as the front layer of composite armor to directly absorb impact energy. 2. Lightweight  Low density (2.52 g/cm³), only 1/3 that of steel and 85% that of silicon carbide (SiC). Under the same level of protection, it can significantly reduce the weight of the armor, suitable for vehicles, aircraft, and individual protective equipment (such as bulletproof inserts). 3. Excellent Anti-ballistic Performance  High elastic modulus (450-470 GPa) and fracture toughness, which can consume projectile kinetic energy through fragmentation and blunting.  The protection efficiency against small-caliber armor-piercing projectiles (such as 7.62 mm AP) and fragments is significantly better than that of traditional metal armor. 4. High Temperature Resistance and Chemical Stability  High melting point (2450 °C), maintaining structural strength even in high-temperature environments.  Resistant to acid and alkali corrosion, suitable for harsh environments (such as naval equipment or chemical protection). 5. Neutron Absorption Capacity  Boron has a high thermal neutron absorption cross-section (600 barn), and can be used for nuclear radiation shielding or nuclear facility protection, combining structural and functional properties. 6. Multifunctional Composite Design  Often combined with carbon fiber, Kevlar fiber, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, ceramic laminated materials, or metal backing plates (such as titanium alloy) to form a gradient protection structure, improving resistance to multiple impacts. 7. Limitations and Countermeasures:  High brittleness: prone to cracking under impact, requiring improvement through nano-modification, addition of toughening phases (such as SiC particles), or optimization of sintering processes.  High cost: powder preparation and sintering processes are complex, mostly used in key parts (such as the front of armored vehicles or pilot protection).

Boron carbide (B₄C) possesses significant advantages in armor protection due to its unique physical and chemical properties. Its main advantages are: 1. Extremely High Hardness - Mohs hardness of 9.6, second only to diamond and cubic boron nitride, effectively resisting penetration from high-speed projectiles such as bullets and shrapnel. - High compressive strength (approximately 2.9 GPa), suitable as the front layer of composite armor to directly absorb impact energy. 2. Lightweight - Low density (2.52 g/cm³), only 1/3 that of steel and 85% that of silicon carbide (SiC). For the same level of protection, it significantly reduces armor weight, suitable for vehicles, aircraft, and individual protective equipment (such as ballistic plates). 3. Excellent Ballistic Performance - High elastic modulus (450-470 GPa) and fracture toughness, dissipating projectile kinetic energy through fragmentation and blunting. - Significantly superior protection efficiency against small-caliber armor-piercing projectiles (such as 7.62 mm AP) and shrapnel compared to traditional metal armor. 4. High Temperature Resistance and Chemical Stability - High melting point (2450 °C), maintaining structural strength at high temperatures. - Resistant to acid and alkali corrosion, suitable for harsh environments (such as naval equipment or chemical protection). 5. Neutron Absorption Capacity - Boron has a high thermal neutron absorption cross-section (600 barn), usable for nuclear radiation shielding or nuclear facility protection, combining structural and functional properties. 6. Multifunctional Composite Design - Often combined with carbon fiber, Kevlar fiber, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, ceramic laminated materials, or metal backing plates (such as titanium alloy) to form a gradient protection structure, improving resistance to multiple impacts. 7. Limitations and Countermeasures: - High Brittleness: Susceptible to cracking under impact, requiring improvement through nanomodification, addition of toughening phases (such as SiC particles), or optimization of sintering processes. - High Cost: Powder preparation and sintering processes are complex, mostly used in critical areas (such as the front of armored vehicles or pilot protection). Typical Applications: - Military: Composite armor for armored vehicles, ballistic plates for helicopters, body armor (such as enhanced versions of the US military's "Interceptor" armor). - Civilian: Riot control vehicles, armored transport for valuables, nuclear power plant protection components. Boron carbide is irreplaceable in scenarios requiring both lightweight and high protection. Future material composite and process optimization will further expand its application boundaries.

Lanthanum hexaboride (LaB₆) has important applications in the field of electronic film deposition (especially thermal evaporation deposition and electron beam evaporation deposition) due to its unique electron emission properties and chemical stability. With its efficient and stable electron emission capability, LaB₆ is a core material in high-precision film deposition processes, especially in the semiconductor and optical fields where it is irreplaceable. Future development directions include nanometer cathode design and composite doping technology to further reduce energy consumption and expand the application range. 1. Excellent thermionic emission performance Low work function (2.4-2.8eV), can efficiently emit electrons at high temperatures, and is an ideal electron beam evaporation source material. High current density (up to 100A/cm²), significantly improves film deposition efficiency, suitable for large-area or high-melting-point material film deposition needs (such as metal, oxide films). 2. High-temperature stability High melting point (2715°C), not easily volatile or decomposed during long-term operation in a vacuum environment, and has a longer lifespan than traditional tungsten filament evaporation sources. Resistant to chemical corrosion, especially suitable for the deposition of active materials (such as aluminum, titanium, etc.), avoiding contamination of the film layer. 3. Electron beam focusing capability The electron beam emitted by the LaB₆ cathode has concentrated energy and a small spot size, allowing precise control of the film deposition area, suitable for fine film deposition of micro-nano devices (such as semiconductors, optical coatings). 4. Application scenarios Electron beam evaporation deposition (E-beam Evaporation) LaB₆ is used as a cathode electron source for depositing high-melting-point materials (such as SiO₂, Al₂O₃, ITO, etc.), widely used in: Semiconductor industry: Metal interconnect layers (Al, Cu) of integrated circuits. Optical film deposition: Anti-reflection films, multilayer dielectric coatings of mirrors. Display technology: Transparent conductive films (ITO) of OLED electrodes. Field emission display (FED) Utilizing the low threshold field emission characteristics of LaB₆ to develop high-brightness, low-power display devices. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) electron source Replacing traditional tungsten filaments to provide higher resolution and stability. 5. Technological challenges and improvements Higher cost: The preparation of LaB₆ single crystals is complex, and the cost can be reduced by doping (such as CeB₆) or optimizing the sintering process. High brittleness: It is necessary to enhance the mechanical strength through nanostructure design or composite support structures (such as molybdenum base). Surface oxidation: In a vacuum environment, it is necessary to avoid exposure to oxygen, and preheating degassing is usually used to maintain performance. 6. Comparison with other electron source materials Characteristics LaB₆ Tungsten (W) Cerium hexaboride (CeB₆) Work function (eV) 2.4 - 2.8 4.5 2.6 - 2.8 Operating temperature (°C) 1500 - 1800 2200 - 2500 1400 - 1600 Lifespan (hours) 500 - 1000 50 - 100 800 - 1200 Applicable scenarios High-precision coating Low-cost conventional coating Long lifespan requirements Lanthanum hexaboride (LaB₆), with its outstanding advantages of low work function, high melting point, good chemical stability, high emission current density, high brightness, and long lifespan, has become the most mainstream and ideal thermionic cathode material in modern electron beam evaporation deposition equipment. It makes it possible to efficiently and stably evaporate various high-melting-point and refractory materials, and is one of the key components for obtaining high-performance, high-purity films. Its excellent performance significantly improves the production efficiency and film quality of electron beam deposition processes.

Boron carbide (B₄C) possesses significant advantages in armor protection due to its unique physical and chemical properties. Its main advantages are: 1. Extremely High Hardness - Mohs hardness of 9.6, second only to diamond and cubic boron nitride, effectively resisting penetration from high-speed projectiles such as bullets and shrapnel. - High compressive strength (approximately 2.9 GPa), suitable as the front layer of composite armor to directly absorb impact energy. 2. Lightweight - Low density (2.52 g/cm³), only 1/3 that of steel and 85% that of silicon carbide (SiC). For the same level of protection, it significantly reduces armor weight, suitable for vehicles, aircraft, and individual protective equipment (such as ballistic plates). 3. Excellent Ballistic Performance - High elastic modulus (450-470 GPa) and fracture toughness, dissipating projectile kinetic energy through fragmentation and blunting. - Significantly superior protection efficiency against small-caliber armor-piercing projectiles (such as 7.62 mm AP) and shrapnel compared to traditional metal armor. 4. High Temperature Resistance and Chemical Stability - High melting point (2450 °C), maintaining structural strength at high temperatures. - Resistant to acid and alkali corrosion, suitable for harsh environments (such as naval equipment or chemical protection). 5. Neutron Absorption Capacity - Boron has a high thermal neutron absorption cross-section (600 barn), usable for nuclear radiation shielding or nuclear facility protection, combining structural and functional properties. 6. Multifunctional Composite Design - Often combined with carbon fiber, Kevlar fiber, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, ceramic laminated materials, or metal backing plates (such as titanium alloy) to form a gradient protection structure, improving resistance to multiple impacts. 7. Limitations and Countermeasures: - High Brittleness: Susceptible to cracking under impact, requiring improvement through nanomodification, addition of toughening phases (such as SiC particles), or optimization of sintering processes. - High Cost: Powder preparation and sintering processes are complex, mostly used in critical areas (such as the front of armored vehicles or pilot protection). Typical Applications: - Military: Composite armor for armored vehicles, ballistic plates for helicopters, body armor (such as enhanced versions of the US military's "Interceptor" armor). - Civilian: Riot control vehicles, armored transport for valuables, nuclear power plant protection components. Boron carbide is irreplaceable in scenarios requiring both lightweight and high protection. Future material composite and process optimization will further expand its application boundaries.